The term of office of the CCT chairman and members expires at the age of 70. Opines that even with death penalty, most killers walk. A controversial method of juvenile punishment has been the use of corporal punishment. It functions as a court of summary judgement. Opines that some in favor of the death penalty feel that even if they were caught, they would be punished. <> Early common law made no special provision for children who committed crimes. Argues that the presidential candidate should take a cautious anti-death penalty stance based on empirical and moral claims. Mr. Atoyebi has expertise in and vast knowledge of Criminal Law Practice and this has seen him advise and represent his vast clientele in a myriad of high-level transactions. Opines that capital punishment will continue to be controversial as long as it exists because it polarizes people's views and allows for wide interpretation of its legal, moral and financial legitimacy. This paper presents a descriptive analysis of southern Nigeria's juvenile justice system in order to show through comparisons, what people of southern Nigeria consider to be juvenile delinquency and how they treat juvenile offenders. endobj endobj Judges of the Supreme Court must be qualified to practice in Nigeria and have at least 15 years of qualifications. Explains that african-american defendants were almost four times more likely to receive the death penalty than people of other ethnic origin who committed similar crimes. Juvenile Sentencing In Nigeria And The Legal Framework -By 26 0 obj endobj Argues that the death penalty is worthwhile despite its monetary costs because of the priceless lives that it saves. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Most juvenile offenses are committed in urban areas and are property crimes. The Nigeria Juvenile Justice System is the country that I chose to focus on while presenting my term paper. b) Children and Young Persons Act. 13 0 obj Growing public concern about the rise in violent juvenile crime is borne out by increases in the juvenile court's caseload, which rose 23% between 1989 and 1993. Official websites use .gov Explains ronald l. akers' theories of crime and deviance. the us is one of six countries which executes people who were under 18 years-old at the time of their crimes. This will enable all cases where a child is involved, whether as offender or Explains that there are racial prejudices in the execution of the death penalty. <> Juvenile correctional institutions in Nigeria include the juvenile courts, borstal centres, approved schools and remand home. The Customary Court of Appeal is chaired by the Chief Judge, who is assisted by other judges. Mr. Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi, SAN is the Managing Partner of O. M. Atoyebi, S.A.N & Partners (OMAPLEX Law Firm). xS* the idea of confining persons after a trial as punishment for their crimes is relatively new. However, its crucial to note that Subsections (2) and (3) of the same section as Section 11(1) of the Children and Young Persons Act appear to have different provisions. Office of Childrens Issues PMC both sides seem to be able to crunch the numbers and make strong, if somewhat wrong, arguments. In 1991 the Criminal Justice Act allowed the newly named Youth Court to handle cases involving 17-year-olds, and in 1994 the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act assigned stiffer punishments to juvenile offenders. Web2.2 Hierarchy and Structure of the Courts 17 2.3 Court Data Collection and Statistics 19 3. Rights of the Child in Nigeria A meta-analysis of the literature on minority youths in the juvenile court found that racial and ethnic status influenced the decisions made about individual youths at every stage of the juvenile court process. Explains that the death penalty is a controversial topic in the united states today and has been for years. <>stream In 1930, the Bureau of Justice Statistics began keeping stats on capital punishment nationwide. If he is charged jointly with an adult crime while being tried in juvenile court, he can be sent to an adult court for trial, though he is normally returned to the youth court for sentencing. 32 0 obj Youth courts also deal with children of any age up to 17 in what is called a care proceeding, which is based on the idea that the child is in need of court-ordered care, protection, or control because one of a number of conditions is satisfied. 2 0 obj Explains that in respect of non-muslim prisoners, a person nominated by any religious association which is lawfully registered. It is provided for under Section 255 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). She also holds commendable legal expertise in Criminal Law Practice, She can be reached at theodora.nnodim@omaplex.com.ng, Lawan vs. Machina: Justices Adamu Jauro & Emmanuel Agim As Expressions Of Judicial Conscience And A Note To Chief Justice Ariwoola On Judicial Fairness And Integrity -By John Egbeazien Oshodi, An Overview Of Shares: Meaning And Rights Under Nigerian Law -By Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi & Elizabeth Ebekhile. Similarly, the Court of Appeal has the power to hear and decide appeals made by military courts and other courts in accordance with certain laws of the National Assembly. Many death penalty proponents feel that the death penalty reduces crime because it deters, imprisoning debtors, delinquent juveniles, minor misdemeanant, and JUVENILE SENTENCING IN NIGERIA AND THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK Governor and Legislative Electoral Tribunal: This handle petitions for governor and state legislative elections. Explains that the united states bureau of prisons handles two hundred and thirty-nine juveniles and their average age is seventeen. 2013 Jul;14(7):513-8. doi: 10.1038/nrn3509. 2 tables and 59 references, Territories Financial Support Center (TFSC), Tribal Financial Management Center (TFMC). Hon. 4 0 obj inmates receiving mental health treatment in state correctional facilities. Argues that the u.s. should sustain the current death penalty system, abolish it in favor of life in prison without parole plus restitution, or reform it to make it less costly and free of class, racial, and mental illness discrepancies. Analyzes how the majority of americans don't support the death penalty, despite their abstract support for executions. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Author of, Professor of Sociology, Vanderbilt University. Opines that we must consider whether we and our loved ones are more at risk of being murdered or being executed for committing murder. Juvenile justice | Definition, Systems, History, & Debate Opines that it is inevitable that execution will happen sooner or later. 0000006954 00000 n 0000002955 00000 n The following are the hierarchy of courts in Nigeria: It is provided for under Section 230 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). the late 1600's and substituted imprisonment. much debate continues in the us as to whether it constitutes an appropriate punishment. in the world. 9 0 obj Data are presented to discuss the current status of juvenile delinquency in Nigeria and the appropriateness of applying Western theories of delinquency causation to the Nigerian experience. JUVENILE COURTS Juvenile courts are established pursuant to the Children and Young Persons Laws of the various States of the Federation. Explains that capital punishment has existed in the us since colonial times. Explains that children may visit once a month for 30 minutes and once every three months. <>stream <>stream Opines that the united states is one of the few countries in the world that executes juvenile offenders. In regard to the difference to the United States, there are many runaway cases that do not appear in Juvenile Court. Opines that the death penalty legitimizes an irreversible act of violence by the state and has inevitably claimed innocent victims. The author discusses some Western delinquency theories that could be applicable to Nigeria; these include some family-based theories, differential association, economic conditions, urban conditions, social control, and culture conflict. In addition to these actions, which for adults constitute crime and delinquency for children, There are other behaviours that when exhibited by children and young people, are considered delinquent even though they do not qualify as crimes for adults. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. NATIONAL Explains that the u.s. has executed over 800 people since 1976, and as of december 2002, over 3,700 men and women were on death rows across the country. Explains the bureau of justice statistics' sourcebook of criminal justice statistics 2002. WebThe Children Act in 1908 created a special justice system for juvenile offendersthe Juvenile Court (renamed Youth Court in 1991), intended to handle both criminal and In Nigeria, we have Courts of General Criminal Jurisdiction and Courts of Special Criminal Jurisdiction. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Thats an average of almost 105 people per year, three out of five of which were executed in, legal in 38 states and two federal jurisdictions (Winters 97). <>stream lle-ife in 197- and It is the only court not prescribed for under the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended). Opines that concern for the rights of the poor is not a popular cause in society. Opines that educating prisoners is less likely to return to prison. 0000001373 00000 n 2000 Sep;14(3):380-400. doi: 10.1037//0893-3200.14.3.380. It further asserts that governments should attempt to make the procedures and structure of the juvenile court, as well as the disposition of the juvenile, more informal than they are in most countries today by establishing neighborhood courts of lay judges. The unwavering belief in the benefits of welfare has been one of the defining traits of youth justice for a large portion of the 20th century. Narrates how they were arrested by police and thrown into a cell. The number of justices of the supreme court does not exceed 21, and the President appoint them on the recommendation of the National Judicial Council (NJC), subject to confirmation by the Senate. 22 0 obj endobj Opines that bannister had b een for hire or even that he had committed murder in the first. Each of the State High Court is headed by a Chief Judge. A child above 12 is fully responsible for his actions; Click here to unlock this and over one million essays, Juveniles in Adult Prisons Opines that mental illness is the latest death penalty issue at supreme court. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Its stated purpose is "to make provision for the welfare of the young and the treatment of young offenders and for the establishment of juvenile courts. (Okagbue, 2000). R Website Designed & Managed by SETFRON LTD. xS* Virtual Appointments. OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Traditional Juvenile Justice 4 0 obj Washburn JJ, Teplin LA, Voss LS, Simon CD, Abram KM, McClelland GM. endobj youth advocates, judges, and police have been critical of the movement to federalize crimes already handled by states. The hierarchical system of courts in Nigeria simply refers to the way in which Nigerian courts are arranged and organized at different levels, jurisdictions and regions. Analyzes how the death penalty is not being properly enforced since there have been 333,000 murders and only 486 executions since 1977. xS* These include: Children who engage in hawking wares, load carrying, car washing, shoe shining, petty trading, refuse Its jurisdiction is only an appeal. endobj learning disabilities and delinquency : a study of israelis. Washington, DC 20008 Tel: (202) 775-8400 Fax: (202) 775-1385 Internet: nigeriaembassyusa.org . Section 255 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (as amended) provides for a High Court in each of the states in Nigeria and in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Many death penalty proponents feel <> Opines that failure to retaliate will be looked at as a sign of weakness. Criminal Procedure/Litigation In Nigeria: Major Sources Juvenile Courts There is a committee structure in situ to analyze and listen to juvenile law violations.
